Alcohol Use Disorder
Recognizing alcohol dependence and treatment options including naltrexone and Vivitrol.
Overview
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a pattern of alcohol use that involves difficulty controlling drinking, preoccupation with alcohol, and continued use despite negative consequences. It exists on a spectrum from mild to severe, and it affects millions of Americans across all demographics. Unlike opioid withdrawal, alcohol withdrawal can be medically dangerous — making professional evaluation and treatment essential. Effective medications and behavioral support make recovery achievable.
Key Points
- Alcohol withdrawal can cause seizures and delirium tremens (DTs) — medical supervision is critical for heavy drinkers stopping abruptly.
- Naltrexone reduces alcohol cravings and the rewarding effects of drinking — available as a daily pill or monthly injection (Vivitrol).
- Acamprosate helps maintain abstinence by reducing post-acute withdrawal symptoms.
- AUD is associated with liver disease, pancreatitis, cardiovascular disease, and several cancers.
- The AUDIT-C questionnaire is a simple 3-question screening tool used to identify problematic drinking.
Signs & Symptoms
- Inability to limit the amount of alcohol consumed
- Strong craving or urge to drink
- Withdrawal symptoms when not drinking: tremors, sweating, anxiety, nausea, insomnia
- Continued drinking despite relationship, work, or health problems
- Tolerance — needing more alcohol to feel the same effect
Causes & Risk Factors
- Genetic predisposition — family history of AUD significantly increases risk
- Neurobiological changes in the brain's reward and stress circuits
- Mental health conditions: depression, anxiety, PTSD, bipolar disorder
- Early onset of drinking and social/environmental factors
- Chronic stress, trauma history, and adverse childhood experiences
Treatment Options
When to See a Doctor
If you are concerned about your drinking or have tried to cut back without success, schedule a confidential appointment. Do not stop heavy alcohol use abruptly without medical guidance — withdrawal can be dangerous. We provide compassionate, non-judgmental care and will work with you on a safe, effective treatment plan.
This article is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Please consult a Lemon-AID Medical Management provider for diagnosis and personalized treatment.